Introduction: In mining, construction, road demolition, and other projects, we often see excavators equipped with a "large steel chisel" at the front, roaring as it breaks up boulders and concrete. This powerful attachment is the breaker hammer. It is known as the "iron fist" of the excavator and is an indispensable tool in the field of hard rock breaking. This article will provide a comprehensive analysis of the breaker hammer from scratch and offer practical purchasing advice.

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I. Breaker hammer: definition and core function

The breaker hammer, also known as the hydraulic breaker or demolition hammer, is an impact tool mounted on construction machinery such as excavators and loaders. It converts hydraulic energy into mechanical impact energy, using high-frequency impacts to break rocks, concrete, and other hard objects.

Core role:

Efficient crushing: Replacing traditional blasting and manual crushing, it offers high efficiency and controllable costs.

Precision construction: Compared to blasting, it has less vibration and precise impact range, making it suitable for delicate operations such as urban reconstruction and pipeline excavation.

One machine, multiple functions: When paired with an excavator, it can perform various functions such as excavation, crushing, and obstacle removal, thereby enhancing equipment utilization.

II. Working Principle: Force Transmission in the Hydraulic System

The power source of the breaker hammer comes from the hydraulic system of the excavator. Its working process can be simplified into a precise "accumulation-release" cycle:

High-pressure oil propulsion: The high-pressure oil provided by the excavator enters the breaker hammer cylinder.

Reciprocating motion of piston: High-pressure oil drives the piston (strikes the piston) to move upward and compress the nitrogen chamber, accumulating tremendous energy.

Instantaneous release of impact: When the valve is switched, the piston accelerates downward under the combined action of nitrogen expansion and hydraulic pressure, striking the drill rod at an extremely high speed.

Energy transmission: The drill rod concentrates the impact energy and transmits it to a specific point on the construction object, achieving a crushing effect of "breaking a surface with a point".

The cycle repeats: the piston returns, and the next cycle begins, forming hundreds to thousands of continuous impacts per minute.

III. How to choose a suitable breaker hammer? Four key steps

When purchasing a breaker hammer, the key lies in "matching" and "applicability".

Matching excavator (primary condition):

Weight matching: It is generally recommended that the working weight of the breaker hammer account for 8%-15% of the operating weight of the excavator. Too much weight can damage the boom, arm, and main frame of the excavator, while too little can lead to low efficiency and the risk of "stalling".

Flow and pressure matching: Check the output flow and pressure of the standby valve of the excavator to ensure that they meet the rated requirements of the breaker hammer.

Select type based on the work object:

Light hammer: suitable for concrete crushing, road repair, frozen soil excavation, etc.

Medium/heavy-duty hammer: suitable for rock crushing, mining, foundation demolition, etc.

Focus on core components and brands:

Cylinder block and piston: Made of high-quality alloy steel and subjected to special heat treatment, they are wear-resistant and impact-resistant.

Seals: Seals from high-end brands can ensure reliability under long-term high pressure and reduce oil leakage.

Brand and after-sales service: Choose a brand with a good reputation and a well-established after-sales service network to ensure timely technical support and parts supply.

Evaluate comprehensive costs:

Don't just focus on the initial purchase price. Durability, work efficiency, and fuel consumption are the key factors determining long-term usage costs. Although a reliable breaker hammer may have a slightly higher unit price, its longer lifespan and higher uptime result in lower overall costs.

Conclusion: A well-matched and high-quality breaker hammer is a capable assistant for your engineering projects. Making the right choice means higher efficiency, lower overall costs, and a longer equipment lifespan.